Slow Growing Trees
by Dr. Robert Black, Consumer Horticultural Specialist

"We would like to plant a live oak or southern magnolia, but we can't wait that long for shade." Sound familiar? This is a very common comment from homeowners who want to plant a shade tree.

The truth is, with proper care, trees that were once considered to be very slow growers need not take so long to reach a desirable size. Superior shade and ornamental species like live oak, white oak, black olive, magnolia, dogwood, and others should not be passed up just because they are labelled as "slow growers." There are several things that you can do to speed up the growth of trees.

First, consider soil conditions. If the soil where the tree will be planted is poorly drained, compacted, infertile, or too dry, take the time to modify it to better suit the tree's requirements. Next, consider the spot where you will plant the tree. Most trees make maximum growth when planted in full sun. Don't plant a slow-growing tree in dense shade and expect it to grow quickly. Use mulches around the tree to reduce soil temperatures, especially if planted in full sun. A mulch can insulate the tree roots and reduce soil temperature by 15-20 degrees, thus making a favorable environment for root growth.

The last two points to consider are probably the most important. Never disturb the root system, and reduce competition to the tree. Even though trees have a few very deep roots, most of the root system is fairly shallow. Any digging or hoeing which damages the roots of the tree can slow its growth considerably. And finally, keep grass away from the newly planted tree as long as possible. Research has shown that competition of grasses can reduce root growth of young trees as much as 50 percent. This severe reduction means the tree gets less water and nutrients, and growth is restricted. Mulching a bare area around the tree is again very beneficial.

Maximum growth is the result of how well you help meet the optimum growing conditions of the tree. If you follow these guidelines, that "slow-growing" shade tree may be grown as fast as one of the so called "fast-growers."